The Temples of Luxor and Karnak
Together, the Temples of Karnak and Luxor form one of the greatest concentrations of ancient monuments anywhere in Egypt, offering a fascinating insight into the scale, ambition and layered history of Ancient Thebes.
Karnak, to the north of modern Luxor, is vast. Covering more than two square kilometres, it’s not a single temple but a sprawling complex built up over centuries by successive pharaohs, each leaving their mark. Obelisks, pylons, sanctuaries and courtyards stretch out in every direction, all centred around the great Temple of Amun-Ra. Approaching the site past the avenue of ram-headed sphinxes, the sheer scale quickly becomes apparent. One of the standout features is the Great Hypostyle Hall – a forest of 137 colossal columns, richly carved and once brightly painted, designed to evoke a papyrus marsh. Even with a couple of hours here, you’ll only begin to take in the highlights, which also include the Sacred Lake and smaller temples dedicated to Khonsu and Ramesses III. Exploring Karnak with a knowledgeable guide really helps bring order and meaning to its immense scale.
Closer to the river and right in the heart of the modern town lies the Temple of Luxor, smaller and more compact, but no less compelling. Originally linked to Karnak by a three-kilometre Avenue of the Sphinxes, parts of which are still visible today, Luxor Temple is easier to navigate and understand, largely because much of it was built during the reign of Amenhotep III. What makes it especially intriguing are the visible layers of history woven into the site. Roman chapels, reliefs and painted stucco sit alongside ancient carvings, while the Mosque of Abu al-Haggag rises directly from the central courtyard, built when the temple lay buried beneath centuries of sand.
Statues of Ramesses II guard the entrance, leading through colonnades, courts and sanctuaries decorated with well-preserved reliefs and hieroglyphs. While it’s fascinating by day, Luxor Temple takes on a very different atmosphere after dark, when it’s floodlit against the backdrop of the town.
Visited together, the Temples of Luxor and Karnak provide such a powerful introduction to ancient Egypt on a monumental scale, they're both must-sees during your time in Luxor.
